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Article

Co-evolution positions and rules for antigenic variants of human influenza A/H3N2 viruses

1 Jan 2009

Abstract excerpt

BACKGROUND: In pandemic and epidemic forms, avian and human influenza viruses often cause significant damage to human society and economics. Gradually accumulated mutations on hemagglutinin (HA) cause immunologically distinct circulating strains, which lead to the antigenic drift (named as antigenic variants). The "antigenic variants" often requires a new vaccine to be formulated before each annual epidemic....

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PMID: 19208143
DOI: 10.1186/1471-2105-10-s1-s41

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