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Article

Regulatory vs. inflammatory cytokine T-cell responses to mutated insulin peptides in healthy and type 1 diabetic subjects.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America - 7 Apr 2015

Nakayama Maki, McDaniel Kristen, Fitzgerald-Miller Lisa, Kiekhaefer Carol, Snell-Bergeon Janet K, Davidson Howard W, Rewers Marian, Yu Liping, Gottlieb Peter, Kappler John W, Michels Aaron

Abstract excerpt

Certain class II MHC (MHCII) alleles in mice and humans confer risk for or protection from type 1 diabetes (T1D). Insulin is a major autoantigen in T1D, but how its peptides are presented to CD4 T cells by MHCII risk alleles has been controversial. In the mouse model of T1D, CD4 T cells respond to insulin B-chain peptide (B:9-23) mimotopes engineered to bind the mouse MHCII molecule, IA(g7), in an unfavorable...

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Methodology Data sources Editorial policy Privacy About Contact Helena Bioinformatics

Share to Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1

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Source

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Identifiers

PMID: 25831495
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1502967112
PMCID: PMC4394309

Provenance

PubMed metadata and Literature Corpus relationships. Corpus snapshot updated 7 Sept 2026. Manifest publication-graph-cohort-2026-09-07.1.

Source receipt: pubmed, retrieved 7 Sept 2026.

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