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Article

C-reactive protein polarizes human macrophages to an M1 phenotype and inhibits transformation to the M2 phenotype.

Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology - 1 Jun 2011

Devaraj Sridevi, Jialal Ishwarlal

Abstract excerpt

OBJECTIVE: Inflammation is pivotal in atherosclerosis. Monocyte-macrophages are crucial in atherosclerosis. Monocytes can develop into subsets: classically (M1) or alternatively (M2) activated cells. Several studies point to a proinflammatory role for C-reactive protein (CRP). Because there is a paucity of data on the effects of CRP on macrophage phenotype, we tested effects of CRP on macrophage polarization....

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Identifiers

PMID: 21415385
DOI: 10.1161/ATVBAHA.111.225508
PMCID: PMC3099471

Genes

CRP
TNF

Provenance

PubMed metadata and Literature Corpus relationships. Corpus snapshot updated 7 Sept 2026. Manifest publication-graph-cohort-2026-09-07.1.

Source receipt: pubmed, retrieved 7 Sept 2026.

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