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Article

Observational epidemiological studies can mitigate genetic confounding with a genetic relatedness matrix.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America - 12 May 2026

Patel Roshni A, Schraiber Joshua G, Pennell Matt, Edge Michael D

Abstract excerpt

Observational studies are commonly used in psychology and epidemiology to identify risk factors correlated with health outcomes. However, these studies are vulnerable to confounding when shared genetic variation influences both the putative risk factor and outcome. Researchers have often controlled for this type of genetic confounding using polygenic scores, but these scores are noisy and biased estimators of a...

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Methodology Data sources Editorial policy Privacy About Contact Helena Bioinformatics

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Identifiers

PMID: 42090255
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2533909123
PMCID: PMC13167772

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PubMed metadata and Literature Corpus relationships. Corpus snapshot updated 7 Sept 2026.

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