Characterization of metabolic responses, genetic variations, and microsatellite instability in ammonia-stressed CHO cells grown in fed-batch cultures.

Abstract excerpt

BACKGROUND: As bioprocess intensification has increased over the last 30 years, yields from mammalian cell processes have increased from 10's of milligrams to over 10's of grams per liter. Most of these gains in productivity can be attributed to increasing cell densities within bioreactors. As such, strategies have been developed to minimize accumulation of metabolic wastes, such as lactate and ammonia....

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