Cancer‐associated fibroblasts show heterogeneous gene expression and induce vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) in response to environmental stimuli

Abstract excerpt

Abstract Aim Cancer‐associated fibroblasts (CAF) play a crucial role in angiogenesis in the complex tumor microenvironment. However, fibroblasts show extensive heterogeneity and their dynamic functions against stressors remain largely unknown. Methods We collected patient‐derived CAF and carried out perturbation‐based monitoring of the dynamic functions. Clinically relevant experimental stimuli were defined as...

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