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Article

TOX reinforces the phenotype and longevity of exhausted T cells in chronic viral infection.

Nature - 1 Jul 2019

Alfei Francesca, Kanev Kristiyan, Hofmann Maike, Wu Ming, Ghoneim Hazem E, Roelli Patrick, Utzschneider Daniel T, von Hoesslin Madlaina, Cullen Jolie G, Fan Yiping, Eisenberg Vasyl, Wohlleber Dirk, Steiger Katja, Merkler Doron, Delorenzi Mauro, Knolle Percy A, Cohen Cyrille J, Thimme Robert, Youngblood Benjamin, Zehn Dietmar

Abstract excerpt

Cytotoxic T cells are essential mediators of protective immunity to viral infection and malignant tumours and are a key target of immunotherapy approaches. However, prolonged exposure to cognate antigens often attenuates the effector capacity of T cells and limits their therapeutic potential1-4. This process, known as T cell exhaustion or dysfunction1, is manifested by epigenetically enforced changes in gene...

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Identifiers

PMID: 31207605
DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1326-9

Genes

TOX

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PubMed metadata and Literature Corpus relationships. Corpus snapshot updated 7 Sept 2026. Manifest publication-graph-cohort-2026-09-07.1.

Source receipt: pubmed, retrieved 7 Sept 2026.

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