Spreds Are Essential for Embryonic Lymphangiogenesis by Regulating Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor 3 Signaling

Abstract excerpt

Spred/Sprouty family proteins negatively regulate growth factor-induced ERK activation. Although the individual physiological roles of Spred-1 and Spred-2 have been investigated using gene-disrupted mice, the overlapping functions of Spred-1 and Spred-2 have not been clarified. Here, we demonstrate that the deletion of both Spred-1 and Spred-2 resulted in embryonic lethality at embryonic days 12.5 to 15.5 with...

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