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Article

CpG mutation rates in the human genome are highly dependent on local GC content.

Molecular biology and evolution - 1 Mar 2005

Fryxell Karl J, Moon Won-Jong

Abstract excerpt

CpG dinucleotides mutate at a high rate because cytosine is vulnerable to deamination, cytosines in CpG dinucleotides are often methylated, and deamination of 5-methylcytosine (5mC) produces thymidine. Previous experiments have shown that DNA melting is the rate-limiting step in cytosine deamination. Here we show, through the analysis of human single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), that the mutation rate...

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PMID: 15537806
DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msi043

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PubMed metadata and Literature Corpus relationships. Corpus snapshot updated 7 Sept 2026. Manifest publication-graph-cohort-2026-09-07.1.

Source receipt: pubmed, retrieved 7 Sept 2026.

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