Discover Community Create You

Loading publication...

Noodle always counts identifier-free feature events for service operation. With your permission, Google Analytics can also estimate audience and engagement. Search text, publication identifiers, cookies, IP addresses and browser fingerprints are never included in Noodle's first-party event counters.

Privacy details

Article

Low-level hypermutation in T cell-independent germinal centers compared with high mutation rates associated with T cell-dependent germinal centers.

The Journal of experimental medicine - 4 Feb 2002

Toellner Kai-Michael, Jenkinson William E, Taylor Dale R, Khan Mahmood, Sze Daniel M-Y, Sansom David M, Vinuesa Carola G, MacLennan Ian C M

Abstract excerpt

Exceptionally germinal center formation can be induced without T cell help by polysaccharide-based antigens, but these germinal centers involute by massive B cell apoptosis at the time centrocyte selection starts. This study investigates whether B cells in germinal centers induced by the T cell-independent antigen (4-hydroxy-3-nitrophenyl)acetyl (NP) conjugated to Ficoll undergo hypermutation in their...

Read the complete abstract on PubMed

Topics

Share this publication in a Topic to start or enrich a Post.

Share to Adoptive Transfer
Share to Animals, Congenic

Methodology Data sources Editorial policy Privacy About Contact Helena Bioinformatics

Share to Germinal Center

Share to Immunization

Share to Immunoglobulin Variable Region

Share to Mice, Mutant Strains

Share to Nitrophenols

Share to Phenylacetates

Source

Open in PubMed Open full text

Identifiers

PMID: 11828014
DOI: 10.1084/jem.20011112
PMCID: PMC2193598

Provenance

PubMed metadata and Literature Corpus relationships. Corpus snapshot updated 7 Sept 2026. Manifest publication-graph-cohort-2026-09-08.1.

Source receipt: pubmed, retrieved 7 Sept 2026.

Related research

Semantic proximity does not establish scientific evidence.

Research trail→

Click a neighbor to travelStep 1 · 12 closest

Low-level hypermutation in T cell-independent germinal centers compared with high mutation rates associated with T cell-dependent germinal centers.PMID 11828014Read ↗

Cutting edge: germinal centers can be induced in the absence of T cells.Semantic proximity Read ↗

In situ studies of the primary immune response to (4-hydroxy-3-nitrophenyl)acetyl. III. The kinetics of V region mutation and selection in germinal center B cells.Semantic proximity Read ↗

Ig VH hypermutation is absent in the germinal centers of aged mice.Semantic proximity Read ↗

Antigen-driven B cell differentiation in vivo.Semantic proximity Read ↗

Evolution of Autoantibody Responses via Somatic Hypermutation Outside of Germinal CentersSemantic proximity Read ↗

Elimination of germinal-center-derived self-reactive B cells is governed by the location and concentration of self-antigen.Semantic proximity Read ↗

Immunoglobulin gene hypermutation in germinal centers is independent of the RAG-1 V(D)J recombinase.Semantic proximity Read ↗

Analysis of the germinal center reaction and in vivo long-lived plasma cells.Semantic proximity Read ↗

Affinity Maturation Is Impaired by Natural Killer Cell Suppression of Germinal CentersSemantic proximity Read ↗

Intraclonal generation of antibody mutants in germinal centres.Semantic proximity Read ↗

The germinal center: a crucible for lymphocyte selection.Semantic proximity Read ↗

Normal human IgD+IgM- germinal center B cells can express up to 80 mutations in the variable region of their IgD transcripts.Semantic proximity Read ↗

⌁Select a neighboring publication to make it the new centre.