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Article

Transforming growth factor-beta-induced growth inhibition in a Smad4 mutant colon adenoma cell line.

Cancer research - 1 Jan 2001

Fink S P, Swinler S E, Lutterbaugh J D, Massagué J, Thiagalingam S, Kinzler K W, Vogelstein B, Willson J K, Markowitz S

Abstract excerpt

Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) inhibits growth and induces apoptosis of colon epithelial cells. Binding of TGF-beta to its receptor induces phosphorylation of the Smad proteins Smad2 and Smad3, which then form heteromeric complexes with Smad4, translocate to the nucleus, and activate gene transcription. Smad4 function has been considered an obligate requirement for TGF-beta signaling, and Smad4...

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PMID: 11196171

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PubMed metadata and Literature Corpus relationships. Corpus snapshot updated 7 Sept 2026. Manifest publication-graph-cohort-2026-09-07.1.

Source receipt: pubmed, retrieved 7 Sept 2026.

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