Article

A newly emergent N1 neuraminidase associated with clade 2.3.4.4b highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5) viruses in North America

2026-03-10

Abstract excerpt

We investigated the evolutionary history of the newly emergent neuraminidase (am4N1) associated with the D1.1 and D1.2 genotypes of highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) viruses in North America. Phylogenetic inference places am4N1 in a sister clade to Eurasian avian, swine, and human A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses and distinct from 1918, pre-2009 human seasonal, and classical swine A(H1N1) lineages. Am4N1 descends from...

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Literature Corpus work: 7958fb36-63e8-5c09-be6c-e44b70968ef6
DOI: 10.64898/2026.03.09.26347929

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