Article

Emergence of D1.1 reassortant H5N1 avian influenza viruses in North America

2025-12-23

Abstract excerpt

<h4>Summary</h4> Since 2021, highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (HPAIVs) belonging to H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b have circulated widely in North American wild birds and repeatedly spilled over into mammals. In 2025, the first H5N1-associated deaths in humans were recorded in the Western hemisphere, raising questions about how the ongoing evolution of the virus in wild birds impacts spillover risk. Here, our analy...

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Literature Corpus work: fd3152bc-e895-540b-be3e-b7daff74869a
DOI: 10.64898/2025.12.19.695329

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