Consistent variation in amino-acid substitution rate, despite uniformity of mutation rate: protein evolution in mammals is not neutral.

Abstract excerpt

Variation in mutation rate, attributed to differences in both generation time and in metabolic rate, has been invoked under the neutral theory of molecular evolution to account for differences in substitution rate among mammalian lineages. We show that substitution rates at fourfold-degenerate sites and at sites in noncoding regions do not vary between the primate and rodent lineages, implying mutation-rate...

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