Article
Extending the Eisenbarth Model: Stage 0 as a Provisional Framework for Early Risk Stratification and Prevention in Type 1 Diabetes.
Journal of diabetes research - 1 Jan 2026
Puhachova Maya, Klair Huda K, Hariharan Balamurali, Imtiaz Iffat, Zambrano Valenzuela Juan José, Alradi Essra Hassan Adam, Gbobbo Elizabeth, Zahoor Faiqa, Shah Hassan, Kale Viraj, Narasimhan Niketa, Jamaleddin Ahmad Fadi Ali
Abstract excerpt
BACKGROUND: Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease characterized primarily by T cell-mediated pancreatic β-cell destruction, with islet autoantibodies serving as important biomarkers of autoimmune activity and risk progression. Early detection of immune imbalances before seroconversion may help identify individuals at increased risk before established autoimmunity develops. In this review, the proposed...
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