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Article

Nicotine Metabolism and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Mendelian Randomization and Phenotypic Characterization Analysis.

International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease - 1 Jan 2026

Ji Ting-Fen, Song Shi-Wen, Xie Ying, Liu Zhao, Gao Ying-Man, Cheng An-Qi, Zhou Xin-Mei, Wang Min, Dai Hua-Ping, Zhao Liang, Xiao Dan, Wang Chen

Abstract excerpt

Background: Smokers with similar smoking exposure show markedly different risks of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and it remains unclear whether genetically determined nicotine metabolism, measured by the nicotine metabolite ratio (NMR), is independently associated with COPD beyond smoking exposure. Methods: This study integrated genetic evidence and population-based phenotypic analyses. First,...

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Identifiers

PMID: 42051373
DOI: 10.2147/COPD.S594021
PMCID: PMC13116533

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