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Article

Causal relationship between matrix metalloproteinases and diabetic retinopathy: A bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study.

Medicine - 23 Jan 2026

Qiu Xu, Yang Fangwen, Song Zongyan, Li Yinglin, Huang Qiong, Zhao Su, Gu Hao

Abstract excerpt

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) have been increasingly recognized as potential contributors or mediators in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy (DR). Nevertheless, the relationships among MMPs and the risk of DR have not been definitively elucidated and still require further investigation. The bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses were implemented to evaluate the causal effect of...

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Methodology Data sources Editorial policy Privacy About Contact Helena Bioinformatics

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Identifiers

PMID: 41578579
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000047363
PMCID: PMC12851680

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