Article
Prescription Opioid Use and Risk for Major Depressive Disorder and Anxiety and Stress-Related Disorders: A Multivariable Mendelian Randomization Analysis.
JAMA psychiatry - 1 Feb 2021
Rosoff Daniel B, Smith George Davey, Lohoff Falk W
Abstract excerpt
Importance: Growing evidence suggests that prescription opioid use affects depression and anxiety disorders; however, observational studies are subject to confounding, making causal inference and determining the direction of these associations difficult. Objective: To investigate the potential bidirectional associations between the genetic liability for prescription opioid and other nonopioid pain medications and...
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