Article
Excess SMAD signaling contributes to heart and muscle dysfunction in muscular dystrophy.
Human molecular genetics - 20 Dec 2014
Goldstein Jeffery A, Bogdanovich Sasha, Beiriger Anastasia, Wren Lisa M, Rossi Ann E, Gao Quan Q, Gardner Brandon B, Earley Judy U, Molkentin Jeffery D, McNally Elizabeth M
Abstract excerpt
Disruption of the dystrophin complex causes muscle injury, dysfunction, cell death and fibrosis. Excess transforming growth factor (TGF) β signaling has been described in human muscular dystrophy and animal models, where it is thought to relate to the progressive fibrosis that characterizes dystrophic muscle. We now found that canonical TGFβ signaling acutely increases when dystrophic muscle is stimulated to...
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