The causal role of smoking in anxiety and depression: a Mendelian randomization analysis of the HUNT study.

doi:10.1017/S0033291712001274

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Article

The causal role of smoking in anxiety and depression: a Mendelian randomization analysis of the HUNT study.

Psychological medicine - 1 Apr 2013

Bjørngaard J H, Gunnell D, Elvestad M B, Davey Smith G, Skorpen F, Krokan H, Vatten L, Romundstad P

Abstract excerpt

BACKGROUND: Cigarette smoking is strongly associated with mental illness but the causal direction of the association is uncertain. We investigated the causal relationship between smoking and symptoms of anxiety and depression in the Norwegian HUNT study using the rs1051730 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) variant located in the nicotine acetylcholine receptor gene cluster on chromosome 15 as an instrumental...

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PMID: 22687325
DOI: 10.1017/S0033291712001274

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PubMed metadata and Literature Corpus relationships. Corpus snapshot updated 5 Sept 2026. Manifest publication-graph-cohort-2026-09-05.1.

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