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Article

Low oxygen levels induce the expression of the embryonic morphogen Nodal

27 Oct 2011

Abstract excerpt

Low oxygen (O(2)) levels characterize the microenvironment of both stem cells and rapidly growing tumors. Moreover, hypoxia is associated with the maintenance of stem cell-like phenotypes and increased invasion, angiogenesis and metastasis in cancer patients. Metastatic cancers, such as breast cancer and melanoma, aberrantly express the embryonic morphogen Nodal, and the presence of this protein is correlated...

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PMID: 22031289
DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e11-03-0263

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