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Article

Can extremely low or high morphine formation from codeine be predicted prior to therapy initiation?

Pain - 1 Jul 2009

Lötsch Jörn, Rohrbacher Maren, Schmidt Helmut, Doehring Alexandra, Brockmöller Jürgen, Geisslinger Gerd

Abstract excerpt

Activation of codeine by O-demethylation into morphine is a prerequisite for its analgesic effects and severe toxicity. Identifying patients in whom morphine is formed either at extremely low or at extremely high amounts may improve efficacy and safety of codeine therapy. To assess how well this identification is possible, we compared the performance of current CYP2D6 phenotype association systems (traditional...

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Identifiers

PMID: 19395173
DOI: 10.1016/j.pain.2009.03.023

Provenance

PubMed metadata and Literature Corpus relationships. Corpus snapshot updated 7 Sept 2026. Manifest publication-graph-cohort-2026-09-07.1.

Source receipt: pubmed, retrieved 7 Sept 2026.

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