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Article

Unique and redundant roles of Smad3 in TGF-beta-mediated regulation of long bone development in organ culture.

Developmental dynamics : an official publication of the American Association of Anatomists - 1 Aug 2004

Alvarez Jesus, Serra Rosa

Abstract excerpt

The most well-characterized intracellular signaling molecules for transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) are the Smads. R-Smads interact with and are phosphorylated directly by the TGF-beta type I receptor. Phosphorylated R-Smads can then associate with Smad4, translocate to the nucleus and regulate transcription. Specific R-Smads transduce distinct signals for members of the TGF-beta superfamily. Smad2 and...

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PMID: 15254903
DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.20100

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PubMed metadata and Literature Corpus relationships. Corpus snapshot updated 7 Sept 2026. Manifest publication-graph-cohort-2026-09-07.1.

Source receipt: pubmed, retrieved 7 Sept 2026.

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