Article
Rapid Akt activation by nicotine and a tobacco carcinogen modulates the phenotype of normal human airway epithelial cells.
The Journal of clinical investigation - 1 Jan 2003
West Kip A, Brognard John, Clark Amy S, Linnoila Ilona R, Yang Xiaowei, Swain Sandra M, Harris Curtis, Belinsky Steven, Dennis Phillip A
Abstract excerpt
Tobacco-related diseases such as lung cancer cause over 4.2 million deaths annually, with approximately 400,000 deaths per year occurring in the US. Genotoxic effects of tobacco components have been described, but effects on signaling pathways in normal cells have not been described. Here, we show activation of the serine/threonine kinase Akt in nonimmortalized human airway epithelial cells in vitro by two...
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