Dale's principle and glutamate corelease from ventral midbrain dopamine neurons.

Abstract excerpt

While direct application of dopamine modulates postsynaptic activity, electrical stimulation of dopamine neurons typically evokes excitation. Most of this excitation appears to be due to activation of collateral pathways; however, several lines of evidence have suggested that there is a monosynaptic component due to glutamate corelease by dopamine neurons. Recently, more direct evidence obtained in culture has...

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