Article

Immune evasion in prostate cancer: resolving the cold tumour paradox via a hybrid discrete-continuum computational framework

2026-03-25

Abstract excerpt

<h4>Background</h4> Prostate cancer (PCa) presents a formidable clinical paradox. It is immunologically “cold” and resistant to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB), yet bulk genomic analyses consistently reveal low and non-prognostic expression of CD274 (PD-L1), the primary molecular target of such therapies. We hypothesised that this paradox arises from a failure of current methodologies to account for two critica...

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Literature Corpus work: e5417950-12cd-541a-b659-8f4407756993
DOI: 10.64898/2026.03.23.26349049

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