Article

TGF-β, but not IL-4, polarized macrophages induce fibrotic responses in lung fibroblasts

2026-08-11

Abstract excerpt

<title>Abstract</title> <p> <bold>Introduction</bold> Macrophages are implicated in the initiation and regulation of pulmonary fibrosis, where anti-inflammatory macrophages promote fibrosis. Interleukin-4 (IL-4) and Transforming Growth Factor (TGF)-β stimulation of naïve macrophages results in the polarization to anti-inflammatory macrophages which are often used for mechanistic <italic>in vitro</italic> stud...

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Literature Corpus work: 68cba93e-1a4e-53a6-815d-f23a802daa99
DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-10592512/v1

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