Article

Causal Relationships Between Soluble ST2, Heart Failure, and Sepsis: Bidirectional and Multivariable Mendelian Randomization Analyses

2026-01-22

Abstract excerpt

<h4>BACKGROUND</h4> Soluble ST2 (sST2) predicts poor outcomes in heart failure (HF) and sepsis, but does it actually drive these conditions or just tag along for the ride? We used bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) to find out, testing six directional causal pathways among sST2, HF, and sepsis. <h4>METHODS AND RESULTS</h4> Our approach involved bidirectional two-sample Mendelian Randomization(MR) analyse...

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Literature Corpus work: 58fc12a4-c609-5d55-b320-328df8441858
DOI: 10.64898/2026.01.20.26344488

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