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Article

Lipopolysaccharide signals activation of tumor necrosis factor biosynthesis through the ras/raf-1/MEK/MAPK pathway.

Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) - 1 Nov 1994

Geppert T D, Whitehurst C E, Thompson P, Beutler B

Abstract excerpt

BACKGROUND: Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is known to activate macrophages, causing the release of toxic cytokines that may provoke inflammation and shock. One of the most important and best studied of these cytokines is tumor necrosis factor (TNF). Details of the signaling pathway leading to TNF biosynthesis remain unclear. The pathway is branched in the sense that TNF gene transcription and TNF mRNA translation are...

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Identifiers

PMID: 8790605
PMCID: PMC2229930

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TNF

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PubMed metadata and Literature Corpus relationships. Corpus snapshot updated 5 Sept 2026. Manifest publication-graph-cohort-2026-09-05.1.

Source receipt: pubmed, retrieved 5 Sept 2026.

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