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Hemagglutinin double-mutation enhances binding of human-infecting avian influenza virus clade 2.3.4.4b H5Ny to human and SLeX receptors.

EMBO reports - 1 Jul 2026

Jin Xiyue, Han Pu, Wang Yuxuan, Wang Haichen, Zhang Chunge, Di Maio Antonio, Yu Jin, Hao Tianjiao, Gu Yuhang, Zhang Zeyu, Zhang Wei, Qi Jianxun, Bi Yuhai, Zhang Xu, Sun Lei, Wang Ningli, Liu Yan, Song Hao, Gao George F

Abstract excerpt

Clade 2.3.4.4b H5Ny highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (HPAIVs) continue to circulate worldwide, posing zoonotic threats, especially with recent cattle outbreaks. The mechanisms by which these viruses adapt to mammalian hosts while maintaining a broad avian tropism remain poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that two naturally occurring mutations (K222Q and S227R) in the hemagglutinin (HA) of a...

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PMID: 42303811
DOI: 10.1038/s44319-026-00816-2
PMCID: PMC13400655

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