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Article

Mind the gap: Characterizing bias due to population mismatch in two-sample Mendelian randomization.

American journal of human genetics - 5 Mar 2026

Li Jack, Morrison Jean

Abstract excerpt

Mendelian randomization (MR) is a statistical method for estimating causal effects using genetic variants as instrumental variables. In two-sample MR (2SMR), different study samples are used to estimate genetic associations with the exposure and outcome. For valid inference, these studies must include individuals from the same population. Using studies from different populations may bias the MR estimate due to...

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Identifiers

PMID: 41795470
DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2026.02.002
PMCID: PMC13087398

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PubMed metadata and Literature Corpus relationships. Corpus snapshot updated 7 Sept 2026.

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