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Article

Precision phenotyping of type 2 diabetes in chinese populations using a variational autoencoder-informed tree model.

Nature communications - 14 Jan 2026

Yue Tong, Zhang Wenhao, Ding Yu, Zheng Xueying, Ma Yunjie, Chan Juliana C N, Lau Eric S H, Lui Juliana N M, Jin Guoxi, Xu Wen, Bi Yan, Wang Zuocheng, Nie Sheng, Gong Mengchun, Pearson Ewan R, Luo Sihui, Weng Jianping

Abstract excerpt

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) exhibits clinical heterogeneity, yet most existing classification models are derived from European populations and face challenges in clinical application. Here, we evaluate the generalizability of a tree-like graph structure from Scottish data to 32,501 newly diagnosed T2D patients from a multi-center Chinese cohort comprising over 8.6 million individuals. We observe similar distribution...

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Identifiers

PMID: 41535268
DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-68211-4
PMCID: PMC12886989

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