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Article

The causal effect of oxidative stress on the risk of keratoconus: A bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study.

Medicine - 19 Dec 2025

Wang Jiao, Zhang Jie, Sun Qianqian

Abstract excerpt

Keratoconus (KC) is an intricate disease involving multiple factors. It is widely accepted that the pathogenesis of KC is linked to oxidative stress (OS). Nevertheless, the precise causal relationship between OS and KC remains uncertain due to the presence of confounding factors. This study aims to ascertain whether there was a potential causal effect between OS and KC. A bidirectional 2-sample Mendelian...

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Identifiers

PMID: 41430998
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000046055
PMCID: PMC12727323

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