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Article

The Frequency but not the Phenotype of Circulating Peripheral T Helper Cells is Increased at Later Stages of Progression to Type 1 Diabetes.

European journal of immunology - 1 Jun 2025

Schroderus Anna-Mari, Hanel Andrea, Vandamme Céline, Pitkänen Viola, Rytkönen-Nissinen Marja, Heinäniemi Merja, Knip Mikael, Veijola Riitta, Toppari Jorma, Ilonen Jorma, Lempainen Johanna, Kinnunen Tuure

Abstract excerpt

Circulating follicular (cTfh) and peripheral (cTph) T helper cells have been demonstrated to be expanded in several autoimmune diseases, including type 1 diabetes (T1D). Here, we examined the frequencies and phenotypes of these cells at different stages of T1D development and addressed their phenotypic and clonal relationships by analyzing samples from 27 children with newly diagnosed T1D, 29...

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Methodology Data sources Editorial policy Privacy About Contact Helena Bioinformatics

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Source

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Identifiers

PMID: 40538220
DOI: 10.1002/eji.202451704
PMCID: PMC12179578

Genes

CXCR5

Provenance

PubMed metadata and Literature Corpus relationships. Corpus snapshot updated 6 Sept 2026.

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