Pervasive Downward Bias in Estimates of Liability-Scale Heritability in Genome-wide Association Study Meta-analysis: A Simple Solution.

Abstract excerpt

BACKGROUND: Single nucleotide polymorphism-based heritability is a fundamental quantity in the genetic analysis of complex traits. For case-control phenotypes, for which the continuous distribution of risk in the population is unobserved, observed-scale heritability estimates must be transformed to the more interpretable liability scale. This article describes how the field standard approach incorrectly performs...

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