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Citrullination Was Introduced into Animals by Horizontal Gene Transfer from Cyanobacteria

3 Nov 2021

Abstract excerpt

Protein posttranslational modifications add great sophistication to biological systems. Citrullination, a key regulatory mechanism in human physiology and pathophysiology, is enigmatic from an evolutionary perspective. Although the citrullinating enzymes peptidylarginine deiminases (PADIs) are ubiquitous across vertebrates, they are absent from yeast, worms, and flies. Based on this distribution PADIs were...

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PMID: 34730808
DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msab317

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