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Article

Shaping Microglial Phenotypes Through Estrogen Receptors: Relevance to Sex-Specific Neuroinflammatory Responses to Brain Injury and Disease.

The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics - 1 Oct 2020

Acosta-Martínez Maricedes

Abstract excerpt

In mammals, 17β-estradiol (E2), the primary endogenous estrogen, maintains normal central nervous system (CNS) function throughout life and influences brain responses to injury and disease. Estradiol-induced cellular changes are mediated through the activation of nuclear and extranuclear estrogen receptors (ERs), which include ERα, ERβ, and the G-protein coupled receptor, GPER1. ERs are widely expressed...

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Identifiers

PMID: 32513838
DOI: 10.1124/jpet.119.264598

Provenance

PubMed metadata and Literature Corpus relationships. Corpus snapshot updated 7 Sept 2026. Manifest publication-graph-cohort-2026-09-07.1.

Source receipt: pubmed, retrieved 7 Sept 2026.

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