Article
The HIV-1 accessory proteins Nef and Vpu downregulate total and cell surface CD28 in CD4+ T cells.
Retrovirology - 12 Jan 2018
Pawlak Emily N, Dirk Brennan S, Jacob Rajesh Abraham, Johnson Aaron L, Dikeakos Jimmy D
Abstract excerpt
BACKGROUND: The HIV-1 accessory proteins Nef and Vpu alter cell surface levels of multiple host proteins to modify the immune response and increase viral persistence. Nef and Vpu can downregulate cell surface levels of the co-stimulatory molecule CD28, however the mechanism of this function has not been completely elucidated. RESULTS: Here, we provide evidence that Nef and Vpu decrease cell surface and total...
Topics
- Amino Acid Motifs
- CD28 Antigens
- CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes
- Cell Membrane
- Cells, Cultured
- Down-Regulation
- HIV Infections
- HIV-1
- Host-Pathogen Interactions
- Human Immunodeficiency Virus Proteins
- Humans