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Article

Smoking Induces Overexpression of Immediate Early Genes in Active Graves' Ophthalmopathy

19 Aug 2014

Abstract excerpt

BACKGROUND: Cigarette smoking is a risk factor for the development of Graves' ophthalmopathy (GO). In a previous study of gene expression in intraorbital fat, adipocyte-related immediate early genes (IEGs) were overexpressed in patients with GO compared to controls. We investigated whether IEGs are upregulated by smoking, and examined other pathways that may be affected by smoking. METHODS: Gene expression in...

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PMID: 25135760
DOI: 10.1089/thy.2014.0153

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