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Article

Current concepts in the molecular pathogenesis of thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy.

Investigative ophthalmology & visual science - 20 Mar 2014

Wang Yao, Smith Terry J

Abstract excerpt

Graves' disease (GD) is a common autoimmune condition. At its core, stimulatory autoantibodies are directed at the thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR), resulting in dysregulated thyroid gland activity and growth. Closely associated with GD is the ocular condition known as thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO). The pathogenesis of TAO remains enigmatic as do the connections between the thyroid and orbit....

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Methodology Data sources Editorial policy Privacy About Contact Helena Bioinformatics

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Source

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Identifiers

PMID: 24651704
DOI: 10.1167/iovs.14-14002
PMCID: PMC3968932

Genes

TSHR
CXCR4

Provenance

PubMed metadata and Literature Corpus relationships. Corpus snapshot updated 7 Sept 2026. Manifest publication-graph-cohort-2026-09-07.1.

Source receipt: pubmed, retrieved 7 Sept 2026.

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