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Article

Unravelling the pathogenic mechanisms in Graves’ orbitopathy

4 Sept 2025

Abstract excerpt

Graves' orbitopathy (GO) is characterized by orbital inflammatory infiltration, expansion of orbital tissues due to de novo adipogenesis and over-production of hydrophilic glycosaminoglycans, as well as myofibroblastic differentiation resulting in tissue fibrosis. Thyrotropin receptor antibody (TSH-R-Ab) is the major stimulus, which activates thyrotropin receptor (TSH-R)/insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor...

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Methodology Data sources Editorial policy Privacy About Contact Helena Bioinformatics

Identifiers

PMID: 40905523
DOI: 10.1530/etj-25-0200

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