Article
Lead, calcium uptake, and related genetic variants in association with renal cell carcinoma risk in a cohort of male Finnish smokers.
Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology - 1 Jan 2012
Southard Emily B, Roff Alanna, Fortugno Tracey, Richie John P, Kaag Matthew, Chinchilli Vernon M, Virtamo Jarmo, Albanes Demetrius, Weinstein Stephanie, Wilson Robin Taylor
Abstract excerpt
BACKGROUND: Lead is classified as a probable human carcinogen. However, its role in renal cell cancer (RCC) has not been established. Calcium and vitamin D may off-set toxicity in vivo. METHODS: In this nested case-control study, whole blood lead, total serum calcium, and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels were measured in blood drawn prior to diagnosis among male smokers participating in the Alpha-Tocopherol,...
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