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Article

TGFbeta directs gene expression of activated microglia to an anti-inflammatory phenotype strongly focusing on chemokine genes and cell migratory genes.

Glia - 1 Dec 2003

Paglinawan Rey, Malipiero Ursula, Schlapbach Ralph, Frei Karl, Reith Walter, Fontana Adriano

Abstract excerpt

In experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, the acute phase of the disease is produced by T-helper lymphocyte type 1 (TH1), which produces mainly TNFalpha and IFNgamma. Recovery from the disease is mediated by T-helper lymphocyte types 2 and 3 (TH2/TH3), which, among other cytokines, produce transforming growth factor beta (TGFbeta). To address the influence of TGFbeta on TH1-induced gene expression, microarray...

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Methodology Data sources Editorial policy Privacy About Contact Helena Bioinformatics

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Source

Identifiers

PMID: 14603463
DOI: 10.1002/glia.10286

Genes

TNF
CCL3
CCL4
CCL5
CCR5
CCR9
CXCL1
CXCL2
FAS
FPR2
LIF
MARCO
MMP13
MMP9
VASP

Provenance

PubMed metadata and Literature Corpus relationships. Corpus snapshot updated 7 Sept 2026. Manifest publication-graph-cohort-2026-09-07.1.

Source receipt: pubmed, retrieved 7 Sept 2026.

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