Ascertainment bias in family-based case-control studies.

Abstract excerpt

In a family-matched case-control study, a population-based sample of cases is selected from a well-defined geographic region over a fixed period of time. For diseases of adult onset, the control is generally a sibling or cousin who is matched on sex and age without regard to location of residence. Such a design can lead to biased estimates of environmental relative risk if the prevalence of an environmental risk...

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