Evidence for Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Replication In Vivo in CD14 ⁺ Monocytes and Its Potential Role as a Source of Virus in Patients on Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy

Abstract excerpt

In vitro studies show that human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) does not replicate in freshly isolated monocytes unless monocytes differentiate to monocyte-derived macrophages. Similarly, HIV-1 may replicate in macrophages in vivo, whereas it is unclear whether blood monocytes are permissive to productive infection with HIV-1. We investigated HIV-1 replication in CD14(+) monocytes and resting and activated...

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