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Article

The protein CTCF is required for the enhancer blocking activity of vertebrate insulators.

Cell - 6 Aug 1999

Bell A C, West A G, Felsenfeld G

Abstract excerpt

An insulator is a DNA sequence that can act as a barrier to the influences of neighboring cis-acting elements, preventing gene activation, for example, when located between an enhancer and a promoter. We have identified a 42 bp fragment of the chicken beta-globin insulator that is both necessary and sufficient for enhancer blocking activity in human cells. We show that this sequence is the binding site for CTCF,...

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Methodology Data sources Editorial policy Privacy Delete account & data About Contact Helena Bioinformatics

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Source

Identifiers

PMID: 10458613
DOI: 10.1016/s0092-8674(00)81967-4

Genes

CTCF

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PubMed metadata and Literature Corpus relationships. Corpus snapshot updated 7 Sept 2026. Manifest publication-graph-cohort-2026-09-08.1.

Source receipt: pubmed, retrieved 7 Sept 2026.

Related research

Semantic proximity does not establish scientific evidence. Graph snapshot: 2026-09-29.

Research trail→

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The protein CTCF is required for the enhancer blocking activity of vertebrate insulators.PMID 10458613Read ↗

Characterization of the chicken β-globin insulatorSemantic proximity Read ↗

Insulators are fundamental components of the eukaryotic genomes.Semantic proximity Read ↗

Systematic discovery of directional regulatory motifs associated with human insulator sitesSemantic proximity Read ↗

Cohesin mediates transcriptional insulation by CCCTC-binding factor.Semantic proximity Read ↗

An enhancer-like sequence within the Xenopus U2 gene promoter facilitates the formation of stable transcription complexes.Semantic proximity Read ↗

Core promoter elements and TAFs contribute to the diversity of transcriptional activation in vertebrates.Semantic proximity Read ↗

CTCF function is modulated by neighboring DNA binding factorsSemantic proximity Read ↗

The Role of CCCTC-Binding Factor (CTCF) in Genomic Imprinting, Development, and Reproduction1Semantic proximity Read ↗

Tissue-specific CTCF-cohesin-mediated chromatin architecture delimits enhancer interactions and function in vivo.Semantic proximity Read ↗

Maternal-specific footprints at putative CTCF sites in the H19 imprinting control region give evidence for insulator functionSemantic proximity Read ↗

The insulator factor CTCF controls MHC class II gene expression and is required for the formation of long-distance chromatin interactions.Semantic proximity Read ↗

Early origin and deep conservation of enhancers in animalsSemantic proximity Read ↗

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