Article

M2 Macrophage Polarization and Its Role in Nasal Diseases: Signaling Pathways and Therapeutic Implications

2025-10-17

Abstract excerpt

Macrophages—particularly alternatively activated M2 phenotypes—bridge the resolution of inflammation and tissue repair in nasal mucosal disease and allergic airway disorders. Recent advances have delineated a complex signaling architecture governing M2 polarization, including JAK/STAT (STAT6 and STAT3), PI3K/Akt/mTOR, MAPK, Notch, NF-κB, and TGF-β/Smad pathways, along with epigenetic and metabolic circuits. In chr...

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Literature Corpus work: cef2e83c-be65-58d3-b57e-1527cea22ebe
DOI: 10.22541/au.176072418.85691913/v1

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