Article
Genetic alterations of the transforming growth factor beta receptor genes in pancreatic and biliary adenocarcinomas.
Cancer research - 1 Dec 1998
Goggins M, Shekher M, Turnacioglu K, Yeo C J, Hruban R H, Kern S E
Abstract excerpt
Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) is an extracellular ligand that binds to a heterodimeric receptor, initiating signals that regulate growth, differentiation, and apoptosis. Many cancers, including pancreatic cancer, harbor defects in TGF-beta signaling and are resistant to TGF-beta-medi...
Topics
- Activin Receptors
- Adenocarcinoma
- Aged
- Biliary Tract Neoplasms
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast
- DNA-Binding Proteins
- Female
- Genes, p16
- Humans
- Loss of Heterozygosity
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Mutation
- Pancreatic Neoplasms
- Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases
- Receptor, Transforming Growth Factor-beta Type II
- Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta
- Smad4 Protein