Hormone resistance in cancer: the role of abnormal steroid receptors.

Abstract excerpt

Breast tumors that have become resistant to endocrine therapy have been found to contain estrogen receptor (ER) variants due to aberrant splicing mechanisms of the ER gene. Exon skipping can give rise to dominant-positive receptors that are transcriptionally active in the absence of estrogen, or dominant-negative receptors that are themselves transcriptionally inactive but prevent the action of the normal...

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