Early Identification of a Cytokine-Low Immune Phenotype in Suspected Sepsis Using a Point-of-Care Whole-Blood TNF-α Release Assay.

doi:10.3390/medsci14040465

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Article

Early Identification of a Cytokine-Low Immune Phenotype in Suspected Sepsis Using a Point-of-Care Whole-Blood TNF-α Release Assay.

Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) - 8 Aug 2026

Plata-Menchaca Erika P, Cisteró Berta, Ceccato Adrian, Monforte Veronica, Caus-Capdevila Queralt, Areny-Balaguero Aina, Campaña-Duel Elena, Camprubí-Rimblas Marta, Goma-Fernandez Gemma, Guijarro Carla, Salom Patricia, Lopez Monica, Tajan Juan, Teles De Castro Tiago, Roman Vanessa, Vieyra Joan, Cubedo Judit, Guerrero Eduard, Gené Emili, Artigas Antonio, Hernández-Jiménez Enrique

Abstract excerpt

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Routine biomarkers and clinical scores do not directly assess functional immune responsiveness in suspected sepsis. We evaluated whether the TNF-α Release Assay (TARA), a whole-blood LPS-induced functional assay, is associated with an early cytokine-low immune phenotype in Emergency Department (ED) patients. METHODS: In this prospective single-center cohort, adults with suspected sepsis and...

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